@article{Vakili22, author={Mohammad Vakili and Johan Bielecki and Juraj Kno{\v s}ka and Florian Otte and Huijong Han and Marco Kloos and Robin Schubert and Elisa Delmas and Grant Mills and Raphael {de Wijn} and Romain Letrun and Simon Dold and Richard Bean and Adam Round and Yoonhee Kim and Frederico A. Lima and Katerina D{\"o}rner and Joana Valerio and Michael Heymann and Adrian P. Mancuso and Joachim Schulz}, title={{3D} printed devices and infrastructure for liquid sample delivery at the {European XFEL}}, journal={J. Synchrotron Radiat.}, volume={29}, pages={331--346}, year={2022}, keywords={GDVN; SFX; SPI; XBI; European XFEL;}, url={https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577521013370}, doi={10.1107/S1600577521013370}, abstract={The Sample Environment and Characterization (SEC) group of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) develops sample delivery systems for the various scientific instruments, including systems for the injection of liquid samples that enable serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography (SFX) and single-particle imaging (SPI) experiments, among others. For rapid prototyping of various device types and materials, sub-micrometre precision 3D printers are used to address the specific experimental conditions of SFX and SPI by providing a large number of devices with reliable performance. This work presents the current pool of 3D printed liquid sample delivery devices, based on the two-photon polymerization (2PP) technique. These devices encompass gas dynamic virtual nozzles (GDVNs), mixing-GDVNs, high-viscosity extruders (HVEs) and electrospray conical capillary tips (CCTs) with highly reproducible geometric features that are suitable for time-resolved SFX and SPI experiments at XFEL facilities. Liquid sample injection setups and infrastructure on the Single Particles, Clusters, and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) instrument are described, this being the instrument which is designated for biological structure determination at the EuXFEL.
}
}